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Carbon & Emery

Local happenings: commission and planning agendas, hearings, votes, public comment, local news.

recordconfirmed Oct 7 (expected): the Carbon County Commission's next regular meeting (first Wednesday, 4:30 p.m.); no agenda was found on the state notice site as of 2 Oct
2026-10-07 · dir-016 · Carbon County Commission, Carbon County Planning Commission

The Carbon County Board of Commissioners' notices on the Utah Public Notice Website show regular meetings on the first and third Wednesdays at 4:30 p.m. (3 and 17 June, 1 and 15 July, 19 August, 2 and 16 September 2026; the 5 August meeting was canceled), at 751 E 100 N, Price. Wednesday 7 October 2026 is the first Wednesday of October; as of 2 October 2026 no notice or agenda for it was posted. The most recent agenda, for 16 September, was posted on 10 September, six days ahead; it had no Valar, nuclear or Section 16 item and listed no public-comment period. The day before, Tuesday 6 October, is the Planning Commission. Its agenda (first posted 23 September) has one permit item, the Altigen technology park (no link to Valar was found in the records read); on 2 October it was amended to add a presentation from Valar Atomics about its proposed project in Carbon County (loc-037). Before that amendment, the only Valar item found on the Carbon County Commission and Planning Commission agendas read was the commissioners' August 19, 2026 'Valor Atomics presentation' (about its Orangeville operation, per the minutes); it did not concern the Wellington site or a permit, and no county permit application by Valar appeared in the planners' notices (csite-012). The county's rules for 'highly contested industries' are at the drafting stage, with a hearing planned for November (csite-013); under Utah Code 17-79-803 (in the version read, in effect until May 2026) an application was judged by the rules in effect when it was complete, and a conforming one approved unless the county had formally started changing them first or found a compelling, countervailing public interest (dir-014), and the Trust Lands memo describes a county conditional use permit with notice and a public hearing as part of the process for the lease; the conditional-use chapter of the county's 2023 Development Code does not require a public hearing (csite-015).

In plain termsThe county commissioners' next regular meeting should be Wednesday, October 7 at 4:30 p.m. in Price; no agenda for it was on the state notice website as of 2 October. The day before, October 6, the Planning Commission meets, and on October 2 a presentation from Valar was added to its agenda.
verified 2026-10-02: Read in late September 2026: the commissioners' notice list (every notice June-Sept 2026: all Wednesdays at 4:30 p.m., first and third of the month; 5 Aug a cancellation), the 16 Sept notice (posted 10 Sept; agenda items 1-15, none on Valar, no public comment listed) and the 6 Oct Planning Commission notice (items 1-7). 7 Oct 2026 is a Wednesday. Whether the 7 Oct meeting is held, and what is on it, is not known until the notice posts. Re-read 2 October 2026: no notice for 7 October yet (the latest is the 16 September meeting); the 6 October Planning Commission notice was amended that morning to add a Valar presentation (loc-037).
recordconfirmed Oct 6: 'Jurassic Spark' technology park east of Wellington, 1,240 private acres shown as Mining & Grazing on the county zoning map, goes to the planners
2026-10-06 · dir-015 · Carbon County Planning Commission, Altigen JS, LLC, Duct Tape, LLC

The Carbon County Planning Commission meets 6 October 2026 at 4:30 p.m. in the Commission Chambers, 751 E 100 N, Price (in person only per the notice). Its one permit item is a conditional use permit for 'a phased Technology Park and associated infrastructure located East of Wellington' on parcels 2A-1320-0000 and 2A-1656-0000 for Altigen JS, LLC and Duct Tape, LLC (csite-012). The application's vicinity map ('Project Jurassic Spark', added to the notice 28 September 2026) covers all of Section 36, T14S R11E and all of Section 2, T15S R11E, along U.S. 6. County parcel records list 2A-1320-0000 at 640 acres and 2A-1656-0000 at 600.74 acres, both assessor class 'Commercial' and neither in the state's government-owned parcel layer (privately owned); the county zoning map shows both in the Mining & Grazing zone, though Carbon County Commission minutes of 3 January 2024 record Ordinance 574 changing a 13-acre portion of 2A-1656-0000 from M&G to C-1, which the map layer does not show. In May the county agreed to begin holding a BLM gas-pipeline right-of-way for Altigen, whose stated plan is natural-gas power plants on private land east of Wellington (mine-050). The project lies about three miles southeast of Section 28 and about four miles from Section 16, which the state approved leasing to Valar. No link between this project and Valar was found in the records read (as of late September 2026).

In plain termsA big land-use permit near Wellington is up on October 6: a technology park on about 1,240 acres of private land east of town, where the developer has said it plans gas-fired power plants. No link to Valar was found in the records read. It comes while the county's rules for big, contested projects are still being written.
verified 2026-10-02: Notice page read in late September 2026 (attachments: agenda; region map, one page, 'page 28' of the application). Parcel acres/class from UGRC LIR; government-owned layer returned no match for either id. Distances from section centers. Revised before publication (late September 2026): lease wording now 'approved leasing'.
newrecordconfirmed Carbon County's planners added a Valar Atomics presentation to their October 6 agenda on October 2
2026-10-02 · loc-037 · Carbon County Planning Commission, Valar Atomics, Utah Public Notice Website

The Carbon County Planning Commission's notice for its regular meeting on Tuesday, October 6, 2026 at 4:30 p.m. in the Commission Chambers, 751 East 100 North, Price, was edited on October 2, 2026 at 8:49 a.m. The amended agenda adds item 6, 'Presentation to the Planning Commission from Valar Atomics regarding their proposed project in Carbon County'. The agenda first posted with the notice (a one-page PDF created September 23, 2026, still on the state site as file 1492435) had seven items and no Valar item, and the notice read on September 29 matched it. Neither version lists a public comment item, and the notice says neither electronic nor telephone participation is available. The edit also removed the agenda PDF from the notice. Item 5, the conditional use permit for a technology park east of Wellington for Altigen JS, LLC and Duct Tape, LLC, is unchanged and separate; no record read links that project to Valar.

In plain termsValar is now on the agenda for the county planners' meeting on Tuesday, October 6, at 4:30 p.m. in Price: the agenda was changed on October 2 to add a presentation from Valar about its proposed project in Carbon County. The agenda lists no public comment item, and the meeting is in person only.
verified 2026-10-02: Read on 2 October 2026: the notice as edited that morning, and the agenda PDF first posted with it on 23 September (one scanned page). The earlier version of the notice was read on 29 September.
recordconfirmed No Valar permit item was found in Carbon County Planning Commission notices, 5 May to 6 October 2026
2026-09 · csite-012 · Carbon County Planning Commission, Altigen JS, LLC, Duct Tape, LLC, Valar Atomics

The Planning Commission's notices on the Utah Public Notice Website from 5 May to 6 October 2026 (ten on the commission's notice page) listed rezones, subdivisions and routine hearings, and, until a Valar presentation was added to the October 6 agenda on October 2, no item for Valar, a reactor, Section 16 or the Wellington trust-land parcel. The June and August 2026 minutes (scanned) do not mention Valar. The agenda for 6 October 2026 (posted 23 September) has one land-use item: possible approval of a conditional use permit for 'a phased Technology Park and associated infrastructure located East of Wellington' on two parcels for Altigen JS, LLC and Duct Tape, LLC (no record read links that project to Valar). The October notice says it was sent to a local newspaper, radio stations KOAL and KUSA, ETV Channel 10 and the state website. As of late September 2026 no Valar conditional use application, site plan or rezone appears in these records.

In plain termsBefore anything can be built on the Wellington parcel, Carbon County must approve a conditional use permit (csite-015). No Valar item was found in the planning board's posted notices from May to early October 2026, as read on 29 September; on 2 October a Valar presentation was added to the 6 October agenda (loc-037). The state memo says Valar's site plans would go to the county planning commission for review.
verified 2026-10-02: Holds. Re-read in late September 2026: body 1652 notice list; October 6 notice and the text of its Altigen map; June 2 and August 4 minutes. Date changed from the future hearing date (6 Oct) to the as-of date of the finding; the claim that every notice names ETV's publication date was not re-checked and was removed. Second check, late September 2026: the notice list for body 1652 shows ten notices, 5 May to 6 Oct 2026; only the Altigen item matched a search for land-use terms.
recordconfirmed Valar's Castle Country page mentions 'gigasites' but not where: no Carbon lease, Green River or BLM applications
2026-09 · mine-020 · Valar Atomics

Valar's community page for Carbon and Emery counties, read in late September 2026, describes Ward 250, open houses ('more than 400 neighbors' at the first), town halls, the Emery County Commission's unanimous backing, local partners and news items. The words Green River, Wellington, Beehive, Raceway, BLM, Bureau of Land Management, trust, lease, acres and Price do not appear on it; 'Carbon' appears only in the page's two 'Carbon & Emery' headings and on a Carbon County logo among its 'Public Partners'. The company's document library (valaratomics.com/docs) lists five documents (a Series B announcement, the NOVA criticality release, a pilot-program selection, a roadmap and its NRC lawsuit) and no land, siting or environmental document. The page does say Valar 'is building America's first nuclear gigasites', energy campuses powered by fleets of reactors, without saying where; that text is the same in the Internet Archive's copy of 18 September 2026 and on 29 September.

In plain termsThe company's page for local residents describes the test reactor and community events and says Valar is building nuclear 'gigasites', but not where: nothing on it names the land it is seeking in Carbon or Emery County. That appears in state, county and federal records and in local news reports.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: word checks and the '400 neighbors' quote confirmed; library lists 5 documents, none on land or siting. Corrected in late September 2026: the first reading missed 'gigasite'; the Sept 18 archive copy was compared with the live page (identical text).
recordconfirmed Every Valar site on record (late September 2026): one test reactor, one lease, three pending BLM files, one unbuilt abroad
2026-09 · plan-017 · Valar Atomics, Bureau of Land Management, Utah Trust Lands Administration, Emery County

Built or operating: Ward 250 and its fuel lab at the San Rafael lab, Emery County; the company's design, machining and test shops in Hawthorne/Torrance, California. Used once: the NOVA test core at the National Criticality Experiments Research Center, Nevada, operated by Los Alamos in November 2025 (orig-008). Being acquired: the 112-acre Emery County parcel beside the lab (gov-022, loc-014). Lease approved: on 17 September 2026 the state trust-lands board approved a lease with purchase option for 480 acres of the section north of Wellington, with the other 160 acres to follow if the National Guard's lease there is moved (mine-011); no record read shows the lease signed. Applied for: three Bureau of Land Management cases, all in the Price Field Office, all 'Pending' in late September 2026: UTUT106784007 'Green River Gigasite Small Modular Reactor/Data Center' (10,270.61 acres, case date 13 February 2026, which Valar told The Washington Sun it no longer pursues, mine-008), UTUT106801248 'Project Beehive Small Modular Reactor/Data Center' (case date 13 April 2026, no acreage shown), and UTUT106833224, a distribution-line case with no name (entered 23 July 2026). NPR reported on 30 September 2026, citing a Valar proposal to federal regulators that NPR reviewed, that Project Beehive would cover over 9,000 acres of BLM land near Price with data centers, some 456 small reactors of 25 megawatts of electricity each, a fuel facility and nuclear-waste storage, with the first reactors in 2028; BLM's Utah office told NPR it had received an application and was reviewing it for completeness. The proposal itself was not found in public records. No BLM rights-of-way case names Valar outside Utah, and its other public layers show no Valar claims, notices, leases or permits (mine-030). Valar says it looked at more than 20 states (loc-001); no site in another state was found in any public record read.

In plain termsHere is the whole map as far as public records go. One small test reactor is running in Emery County, next to a fuel lab. The reactors are built in the Los Angeles area. Valar is buying land next to the Emery lab and has state approval to lease most of a square mile of state land in Carbon County. It has three pending cases with the federal land agency: the Green River site (over 10,000 acres; Valar says it dropped it), Project Beehive near Price (which NPR reports is planned for about 456 small reactors on over 9,000 acres) and a distribution-line right-of-way.
verified 2026-10-02: Checked in late September 2026: BLM's rights-of-way records re-checked for customer name Valar: three Utah cases, all Pending, Price Field Office; Green River 10,270.61 acres, case date 13 Feb 2026; latest modification 15 Sept 2026. Fixed: lease wording overstated (board approval; initial 480 acres; signing not found); Launch Pad wording corrected. Revised before publication (late September 2026): earlier fix note reworded (lease wording). Checked 2 Oct 2026: the NPR paragraph matches NPR's 30 September 2026 article as published (456 reactors, over 9,000 acres, 25-megawatt units, first reactors in 2028, BLM reviewing the application for completeness).
recordconfirmed Posted Sept. 25, closed Oct. 1: the state lab hosting Ward 250 advertised a time-limited Safety Manager job to lead its safety program
2026-09-25 · dir-006 · Utah Department of Natural Resources, Utah Office of Energy Development, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, Valar Atomics

Utah state job requisition 2646 (Department of Natural Resources), opened September 25, 2026 with an application deadline of October 1, 2026, says the Utah Office of Energy Development (OED) is seeking a Safety Manager to lead the environmental, health and safety program at the Utah San Rafael Energy Lab (USREL), 800 N Coal Haul Rd, Orangeville. The role covers work with hazardous chemicals, molten salts, compressed gases, high-temperature systems, electrical and mechanical equipment, radioactive materials and industrial operations; it is to inspect and audit the lab and partner work areas, review new experiments and equipment before authorization, lead incident investigations, run training and emergency drills, coordinate emergency preparedness with local responders and regulators, and coordinate with the lab's Radiation Safety Officer on radiological training, dosimetry, incident response and license conditions, and with UOSH and Utah DEQ. It reports to the Lab Director, with authority to stop work on an imminent hazard. Minimum: ten years of safety experience and a bachelor's degree; radiological safety experience is listed as 'desirable'. The listing states: Schedule Code 'TL - Time Limited'; full-time, in-office, salary '$58.00' (unit not stated). OED owns the lab and is Valar's landlord there (mine-014); Valar reported first electricity from Ward 250 at the lab on July 1, 2026. The listing does not say whether the position is new or a replacement, or who led lab safety before; it does show that a Radiation Safety Officer role and radiological license conditions already exist at the lab. Ward 250's own nuclear safety basis is Valar's, under DOE's authorization; this job is the state's lab-wide safety lead.

In plain termsOn 25 September 2026 the state posted a job for the person who will run safety for the whole state-run lab where Valar's reactor operates: chemicals, high temperatures, radioactive materials and emergency plans, with power to stop work. It is a temporary (time-limited) state job, open for about a week, and radiation-safety experience is listed as 'desirable'. The listing does not say whether the position is new or a replacement; it does mention coordinating with a Radiation Safety Officer on license conditions.
verified 2026-10-02: Read on the State of Utah careers site (req2646) in late September 2026 and archived. Corrected in late September 2026: plain restated as what the listing shows; states what the listing does not say.
company claimreported Valar told The Washington Sun it dropped the 10,200-acre site; BLM's public record still lists it Pending
2026-09-18 · mine-008 · Valar Atomics, Bureau of Land Management, The Washington Sun

The Washington Sun (Mara Hoplamazian and Jade Lozada, published and updated 18 September 2026) reported that the largest data-center proposal it found on BLM land 'appears to be' a 10,200-acre project from Valar Atomics at a site near Green River, Utah, and that Valar had a second Utah proposal it called the 'Raceway Gigasite', with no estimated size. An editor's note added after publication says Valar contacted the paper, confirmed it had applied 'for survey access' at the 10,200-acre site, and that a company spokesperson said it had decided not to pursue the project. In late September 2026 BLM's public layer still showed UTUT106784007 as 'Pending' (last modified 26 May 2026) and titled for a reactor and data center, not a survey. No BLM case named 'Raceway' was found in BLM's public MLRS layers searched in late September 2026; the only other Valar case with a site name is 'Project Beehive' (mine-006). Whether 'Raceway' and 'Beehive' are the same site is not shown in any record read.

In plain termsWhat the company says now (the Green River site is dropped; it was a request to survey) and what the federal record shows (a pending application titled for a reactor and data center) do not yet match. That can be ordinary paperwork lag: a withdrawal letter may simply not have reached the public map. BLM's case file would show whether and when Valar withdrew, and what it asked for.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: article and editor's note match (quote exact, 14 words); BLM status checked again, still Pending, not modified since 26 May 2026.
recordconfirmed Sept 17, 2026: Trust Lands board approved Valar's Carbon County lease with a purchase option (per transcript)
2026-09-17 · mine-011 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, Valar Atomics · up-front bonus payment to the trust: $400,000; appraised value of all 640 acres ($750/acre): $480,000; staff estimate of rent to the trust over 50 years: $35,000,000

At its 17 September 2026 meeting in Salt Lake City, the Trust Lands board took up the proposed SULA 2095 OBA with Valar Atomics, Inc. as an action item. The auto-generated transcript posted with the meeting records a motion to approve 'SULA 2095 OBA on the terms set forth in the board memorandum', a second, and the chair calling the vote unanimous. Terms in the memorandum: an initial lease of 480 acres (N1/2 and SW1/4 of Sec. 16), with the other 160 acres added if a Utah National Guard lease there is moved; 50 years plus two optional 25-year extensions; a $400,000 up-front bonus; $30 per acre a year in years 1-5, rising to $625 per acre by year 8, with CPI and 25-year appraisal adjustments; and an option to buy all or part at the greater of appraised value or the present value of 50 years of rent (about $10.2 million if bought in year 10, per the staff table). Staff said an independent appraisal valued the land at $750 an acre ($480,000 for 640 acres). As of late September 2026 the official minutes of the 17 September meeting were not yet among the posted attachments.

In plain termsA state board has agreed to lease Valar up to a square mile of school trust land near Wellington for up to a century, with the right to buy it. This is a land deal only: it does not approve a reactor, which would still need federal, state and county permits. Carbon County residents were not asked to vote on it; the decision was the trust board's.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: motion quote exact (15 words); vote recorded as unanimous in the auto-transcript; terms match the September memorandum (unchanged from August); staff said $750/acre ($360,000 for 480 acres; $480,000 for all 640) and ~$35 million over 50 years. The agenda lists the item as an action item though the memo's cover page reads 'Notification Item 10A'. Sept 17 minutes still not among the notice attachments (last edited 23 Sept). ETV quote corrected to exact case.
recordconfirmed No comment at either Trust Lands hearing opposed the lease; those who spoke on it were officials and Valar staff, in Salt Lake City
2026-09-17 · mine-014 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, Carbon County Commission, Utah Office of Energy Development, Jake Garfield, Tracy Rees, Jess Housekeeper, Harry Hansen, Cory Gardner

At the 20 August 2026 board meeting the public comments came from the three Carbon County commissioners, the Utah Office of Energy Development's deputy director Jake Garfield (whose office owns the San Rafael lab and is Valar's landlord there), Valar's director of Utah operations Jess Housekeeper, and one online commenter, an educator, who spoke about school trust funding. At the 17 September meeting the commenters were Commissioner Jensen in the room, Commissioners Haddock and Martines online, another Office of Energy Development deputy director (Tracy Rees), and five people who said they work for Valar, including its public-affairs staffer Harry Hansen, Jess Housekeeper and Cory Gardner; one other online commenter, a member of the state's Federalism Commission, spoke about workforce housing. No comment opposing the lease is recorded in either transcript or in the August minutes; Commissioner Jensen acknowledged 'a few in our community who will push back'. Both meetings were held at 102 South 200 East in Salt Lake City, with online attendance possible; the notices were posted on the Utah Public Notice Website on 10 August and 8 September 2026. In August the board chair said the committee had felt the need to step very carefully, and that the trust would work with Valar 'to make sure that this proposal is approved and that all the parties are satisfied'. The memoranda record committee discussions on 20 and 28 July (Surface Resources) and 25 August 2026 (Energy & Minerals); the Surface Resources Committee 'discussed the need for full transparency' and asked Valar to keep up local outreach.

In plain termsThe state's decision took public comment, but everyone who spoke about the lease supported it: county officials, the state office that is Valar's landlord, and company employees. No resident of the Wellington area spoke against it at either hearing, though a county commissioner said some residents will push back. That may reflect support, or that people did not know, or that the meetings were in Salt Lake City (one speaker from Emery County called it a 150-mile, three-hour trip); the record cannot tell which.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: fixed the September speaker list (was 'four people' from Valar; the transcript shows five Valar staff plus OED deputy director Tracy Rees). Added Commissioner Jensen's acknowledgment of pushback and the chair's August remark, both from the auto-transcripts. The 25 August committee meeting is in the September memo, not the August one; source added. Lower-level employees who spoke are described, not named.
official statementconfirmed Official claim holds: Carbon commissioner said no county coal output for ~4 years; state data show none after 2019
2026-09-17 · mine-039 · Larry Jensen, Carbon County Commission, Utah Geological Survey

At both Trust Lands hearings Carbon County Commissioner Larry Jensen said no coal had been produced in Carbon County for about four years (over four years, in August) and that the county's one remaining mine, Skyline, was producing in Sanpete County. The Utah Geological Survey's table of coal production by mine (2002-2024) shows the Carbon County mines Dugout Canyon, West Ridge and Horizon with no output after 2019, 2015 and 2012 respectively, and Skyline #3 output assigned to Carbon County last in 2018 (941,447 tons), with 2019-2023 output assigned only to Sanpete and Emery. Statewide output was 7.0 million tons in 2023, the lowest since 1975, and 7.4 million in 2024. The board chair's September remark that this was the 'first year in history' with no Carbon County coal is not borne out: the table shows none in 2020 through 2024 as well.

In plain termsThe commissioner's description of Carbon County's coal collapse is borne out by state data; if anything it understates how long it has been. This is the economic pressure county leaders cite for backing Valar.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: both transcripts, UGS Table 2.8 (checked again, unchanged) and Circular 139 match; quote exact. 2024 Skyline output is not split by county in the table. Headline wording 'none since 2019' changed to 'none after 2019' (2019 had output).
recordconfirmed Valar Atomics Inc located the 'RW 453' lode mining claim in Carbon County on Sept. 12, 2026
2026-09-12 · mine-453 · Valar Atomics, Carbon County, Bureau of Land Management

The claim's Notice of Location reads: locator Valar Atomics Inc, 20333 Normandie Ave, Torrance, CA 90501; the 'RW 453' Lode Mining Claim in quarter sections NW and NE of Section 28, Township 14S, Range 11E, Salt Lake Principal Meridian, Carbon County, Utah; located on the 12th day of September 2026. The claim is about 1,500 by 600 feet (1,490 feet east and 10 feet west of the monument, 300 feet each side), which is the largest size a single lode claim may take. It ties the claim's NW corner to the permanent monument at the SE corner of Section 32 (see dir-001 for a problem with that tie). The number 453 suggests a numbered series of claims, but one notice does not show how many exist; no RW claim was found in BLM's public mining-claim layer when it was checked in late September 2026 (dir-005).

In plain termsA Notice of Location is the document a company must make when it stakes a mining claim. It names Valar Atomics as the claimant, gives the exact survey section, and dates the staking to September 12, 2026. A lode claim is a claim to a mineral vein or deposit in federal land; under federal law an unpatented claim may be used only for prospecting, mining or processing and uses reasonably incident to them (30 U.S.C. 612; disc-003).
verified 2026-10-02: Corrected 30 Sept 2026: reworded the plain-language text.
company claimreported Sept 10 open house, a week before the Carbon lease vote: CEO spoke of hundreds of reactors in Carbon and Emery
2026-09-10 · loc-001 · Valar Atomics, Isaiah Taylor, Max Ukropina, David Hinkins, Jess Housekeeper, Harry Hansen

ETV News (14 Sept 2026) reported Valar's public open house at its Orangeville site on Thursday, 10 September 2026, for Carbon and Emery residents: small-group tours of the Ward 250 building, food and entertainment. As ETV reported it, head of projects Max Ukropina said Valar has hired dozens of community members and wants to hire more; founder and CEO Isaiah Taylor said Valar chose Emery and Carbon counties after considering more than 22 states, and that Valar aims to build hundreds of reactors in Carbon and Emery counties (ETV's paraphrase, not a quote); he was quoted saying the goal is that many residents will come to work for Valar 'as we grow here in your backyard'. State Sen. David Hinkins spoke of industry easing residents' property taxes. The report does not mention the Wellington trust-land lease the Trust Lands board approved seven days later (mine-011; ETV, 18 Sept), any Carbon County site, a fuel factory or a timeline. When Valar's Harry Hansen (spelled Hanson in that report) announced the open house to the Carbon County Commission on 2 September, he called it a chance to 'come check out what’s going on here in Orangeville' and said Valar planned a town hall specifically for Carbon County residents in late September or early October, date not yet set (ETV, 4 Sept). Whether the Carbon site came up in the small-group tours is not in any record read.

In plain termsAt a public open house one week before the state approved the Carbon County land deal, Valar's founder told residents, as the local paper reported it, that the company aims to build hundreds of reactors in Carbon and Emery counties. The paper's account names no site. So people there heard how big the plan is, but not, going by the report, that up to a square mile of state land north of Wellington, starting with 480 acres, was about to be approved for leasing for it.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read ETV 14 Sept and 4 Sept pages: holds (hundreds of reactors is ETV's paraphrase). Added the 4 Sept report of a planned Carbon County town hall and the 18 Sept source for the site's location. Revised before publication (late September 2026): lease wording now 'approved leasing'.
recordconfirmed Trust Lands memo: Valar's Carbon County site is Sec. 16 T14S R11E, 5 miles north of Wellington, for a nuclear 'campus'
2026-08-20 · mine-010 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, Valar Atomics, Carbon County

The Utah Trust Lands Administration's 20 August 2026 board memorandum (Discussion Item 9A) names the applicant as Valar Atomics Inc. and the land as T14S, R11E, Section 16, 640 acres of state trust land about five miles north of Wellington, benefiting the Public Schools Trust. It confirms that the Special Use Lease Agreement 'SULA 2095 OBA' on the August agenda is this parcel. The stated purpose is an integrated nuclear energy, advanced manufacturing, critical mineral refining and data center campus: developing, manufacturing and operating high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) for power, plus possible TRISO fuel manufacturing, concrete batch plants, component manufacturing, hydrogen and synthetic fuels, data centers, water desalination and steel making. It is an 'Other Business Arrangement' because it includes an option to buy the land. Staff at the meeting described the site as about six miles east of Price and said Valar chose it after a multi-state search.

In plain termsThe Carbon County site is not a single test reactor. The state land office describes a long-term industrial campus built around several reactors, with possible fuel making, factories and data centers, on a square mile of school trust land north of Wellington, with the right to buy the land later.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026 (packet checked again, unchanged from the archived copy): memo pp. 23-24 and transcript (Torgerson: 'about six miles east of Price', 'multi-state search') match; quote exact (14 words). Plain field softened: the memo lists fuel making and data centers as activities that 'could' be included.
company claimconfirmed Valar at the Aug 20 board meeting: came to Utah in 2024 and is 'currently purchasing' 110 acres from Emery County
2026-08-20 · mine-018 · Valar Atomics, Max Ukropina, Emery County, Utah Inland Port Authority, Utah Office of Energy Development

At the 20 August 2026 board meeting Valar's head of projects, Max Ukropina, said the company talked to more than 20 states and that in 2024 he came to Utah and met the Office of Energy Development, the Governor's economic office, SERDA and Carbon County. The auto-transcript then renders him as saying 'the first property I looked at was actually property', apparently referring to the parcel under discussion, back when the plan was to make fuels from coal-plant flue gas; the garbled wording does not settle which property he meant. On 17 September another Valar speaker said 'Max came to look at sites in September', without a year. Ukropina said the Emery lab is no longer just a test facility but Valar's 'whole Utah operations', including its fuel facility, and that Valar is 'currently purchasing 110 acres north of the lab from Emery County'. The records differ on whether that purchase has closed: ETV News wrote on 28 July 2026 that, according to Valar, extra water shares would support development on 'the larger property Valar recently purchased from Emery County'; ETV reported on 20 August an 'ongoing annexation of Valar property into Orangeville City'; and the Utah Inland Port Authority wrote on 10 September 2026 that Valar 'has also purchased' more than 100 acres next to the state research center, inside its Castle Country Project Area. Staff described Valar as headquartered in Hawthorne, California.

In plain termsBy the company's own account, it began talking to Carbon County and state offices in 2024, well before the public heard of a Carbon County site, and it may have looked at this parcel then. It is also acquiring county land beside the Emery lab to grow there; one record says 'purchasing', others say 'purchased'. Emery County's deed records would show whether and when the sale closed, and on what terms.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: overstatement fixed. The headline said Valar 'first eyed this parcel in 2024'; the auto-transcript is garbled at that point ('the first property I looked at was actually property'), so that is now reported as unclear. Purchase quotes exact. Added two ETV reports that say Valar already 'purchased' / owns property there, set against 'currently purchasing' (Aug 20); the deed would settle it.
analysisconfirmed Stated scope grew from a 12-month test in a temporary facility (2025) to a long-term fuel-and-reactor base (2026)
2026-08-20 · mine-019 · Valar Atomics, Emery County

In July 2025 Valar told an Emery County town hall, and its slides said, that Ward 250 would be a test of about 12 months with 30 effective full-power days in a temporary facility (orig-045), and its safety agreement set a 12-month run and an 18-month life ending in decommissioning. The same 2025 slide deck also projected 'Commercial Deployment by 2028', without naming a site. In September 2025 the state's groundbreaking release, printed by ETV News, ended with Valar's own description of itself as 'building America's first nuclear gigasites', and in October 2025 ETV reported Valar's 'current plan' for a manufacturing hub in Carbon County after about three years; neither named a site (loc-034). By August 2026 the company described the Emery lab as its 'whole Utah operations' including a fuel facility, was acquiring about 110 acres beside it (mine-018), had applied to BLM for a 10,270-acre site near Green River and a second site (mine-006), and on 17 September 2026 the Trust Lands board approved leasing Valar the Carbon County parcel for up to a century, for a reactor, fuel and industrial campus (mine-010, mine-011).

In plain termsWhat Valar first told Emery County about Ward 250, a short test in a temporary building, has become a plan for a long-term nuclear industry base across both counties. The 2025 slides did say the company aimed at commercial deployment by 2028, but named no site. Plans can change honestly as a company grows; the point is that the public was first told about a small, short test, and the specific larger sites surfaced later, mostly through state and federal land records.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: 2025 deck re-read (slide 7: 'operates for 30EFPD, in 12 months in a temporary facility'; slide 6: 'Commercial Deployment by 2028'); August transcript quote exact. Added the 2028 line for fairness.
recordconfirmed Carbon and Emery move to share a $60,000 consultant to chase coal, gas, nuclear and manufacturing deals
2026-08-19 · loc-029 · Carbon County Commission, Emery County Commission, Utah Public Affairs Consulting, Valar Atomics · joint Carbon-Emery economic development consulting agreement (Carbon approved 19 Aug 2026): $60,000

Carbon County Commission minutes, 19 August 2026, item 9 (the item right after the 'Valor Atomics presentation'): commissioners approved, contingent on Emery County's approval, on Commissioner Haddock's motion seconded by Commissioner Jensen (the motion carried), a joint $60,000 consulting agreement with John Cox of Utah Public Affairs Consulting 'to identify and secure economic development opportunities' across coal, natural gas, nuclear and advanced manufacturing, split $30,000 each with Emery County; Carbon's half comes from unused economic-development consulting funds; the commission approved it contingent on Emery's approval. Emery County's 1 September minutes approve 2027 rural county grant projects that include $30,000 (printed '$30,00') for a 'potential Economic Development Consultant' (the grant money comes from the state's rural county grants); one commissioner said he would rather Emery had its own consultant, not one shared with Carbon; on 15 September the commission 'agreed to move ahead with a possible partnership' with Carbon to hire the consultant (ETV). The signed agreement and its text were not found in the county minutes, agendas and news reports read (to late September 2026). On the same 19 August item 8, the minutes record Valar saying it 'relocated to the region from California two years ago'.

In plain termsThe two counties agreed to share the cost of a paid consultant whose job is to bring in new industry, nuclear included. Both counties took it up in public meetings, and it shows they are actively recruiting new industry. The contract itself was not found in the county records read in late September 2026; it could be requested from either county under Utah's public records law (GRAMA).
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read the Carbon 19 Aug minutes (scanned), the agenda, Emery's 1 Sept minutes and ETV 21 Sept: holds. Revised before publication (2026-09-30): the minutes name Haddock as mover and Jensen as seconder
recordconfirmed Carbon County kept a 'strict' NDA on a $600M factory prospect until Aug 2026; no NDA with Valar was found in records read
2026-08-19 · loc-036 · Carbon County Commission, Larry Jensen, Georgia-Pacific, Valar Atomics · planned Georgia-Pacific wallboard factory, canceled (per Carbon County minutes): $600,000,000

Carbon County Commission minutes, 19 August 2026, 'Unscheduled Public Update': Commissioner Larry Jensen said the commission had lifted a long-standing non-disclosure agreement (NDA) to give an economic update, announcing that Georgia-Pacific had canceled plans for a $600 million wallboard factory on county-owned land because of rising project costs. The plant would have employed 160 people using a gypsum mine in Emery County, and the minutes say the strict NDA was needed to protect the company's plans because the new plant would have closed two factories in California. The same meeting heard the 'Valor Atomics presentation' and approved the joint economic-development consultant (loc-029). A week earlier Commissioner Jared Haddock had said such agreements are typically required by companies, not the county (loc-002). This is a primary record that Carbon County has handled a major industrial prospect under an NDA and announced it after the agreement was lifted, once the company had canceled. It does not show an NDA with Valar: none appears in any record read, and the minutes do not say whether other NDAs are in force. A GRAMA request to the county would settle it.

In plain termsA non-disclosure agreement is a promise to keep talks confidential. Carbon County's own minutes show that a large factory prospect was handled under such an agreement for a long time, and announced only after the company pulled out. That shows the county has used such an agreement for a company prospect. It does not show there was one with Valar; a public-records request for any such agreement would answer that.
verified 2026-10-02: New in an earlier check: found on page 1 of the 19 Aug minutes while checking loc-029. Bears on the NDA question in loc-002 and the open questions.
recordconfirmed Was the Emery land sale finished? Valar said Aug 13 it was 'waiting on a clean title'; the state says it 'has also purchased'
2026-08-13 · loc-014 · Valar Atomics, Emery County, Orangeville City Council, Harry Hansen, Utah Inland Port Authority · agreed price for parcel 04-0019-0030: $394,500

Records on whether Valar's purchase of Emery County parcel 04-0019-0030 (about 112 acres beside the lab, $394,500, gov-022) has closed: 7 July 2026, an Emery commissioner who signed the due-diligence extension said the land 'has been sold' (gov-022), and the extension itself gave 30 more days for a survey (ETV, 8 July). 28 July, ETV, reporting the 21 July county meeting, described 'the larger property Valar recently purchased'. 13 August, Orangeville council minutes: Valar's Harry Hansen said Valar is 'waiting on a clean title to purchase the property', and the mayor said Valar was working on a title search and mineral rights and that annexation could begin 'once sale is finalized'. 20 August, Valar's Max Ukropina told the Trust Lands board Valar is 'currently purchasing' the land (mine-018). 10 September, the Utah Inland Port Authority wrote that Valar 'has also purchased' more than 100 acres there. By Valar's own account in mid-August the purchase was not complete; whether it closed between 20 August and 10 September is not shown in any record read. A deed recorded with the Emery County Recorder would settle it.

In plain termsA county commissioner, a local news report and the state's port authority have described the 112 acres next to the lab as already sold to Valar. Valar's own representative told Orangeville on 13 August that the company was still waiting for a clean title before buying, and a Valar manager said a week later it was 'currently purchasing'. No recorded deed was found in the records read as of 2 October 2026, so whether the sale is done is not settled; a deed at the county recorder would show it.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read the 13 Aug Orangeville minutes and ETV 8 July: holds ('waiting on a clean title to purchase the property'; 30-day extension for a survey). Other dates rest on the cited cross-references.
newrecordconfirmed Aug 12, 2026: the state energy research board's agenda set its meeting at the San Rafael lab, with a public-comment item and a board tour of the lab and Valar listed
2026-08-12 · gov-042 · Utah Energy Research Board, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, Valar Atomics

The Utah Energy Research Board's amended agenda for 12 August 2026 (file dated 6 August 2026) places the meeting at the Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, 800 North Coal Haul Rd, Orangeville, 10 to 11 a.m., with a video and phone option. It lists a lab update (item 7), 'OTHER BUSINESS: Open to public comment' (item 13), and, after the meeting, a 'Tour of Utah San Rafael Energy Lab and Valar Atomics for Board Members'. The agenda has no item on a Valar project and does not say whether the public could join the tour. The board's first meeting, on 13 August 2025 in Salt Lake City, at which it approved 'the Valar Project', also closed with a public comment period, in which attendees, per the minutes, expressed appreciation for the board's formation (gov-013). The 12 August 2026 minutes were not read.

In plain termsThe state board that approves projects at the San Rafael lab set its August 2026 meeting at the lab itself in Emery County, with time on the agenda for public comment, and listed a tour of the lab and Valar Atomics for its members afterwards. The agenda does not say whether the public could join the tour, and the meeting's minutes were not read. The board's 2025 meeting that approved Valar's project also ended with public comment.
verified 2026-10-02: Added 1 October 2026. Read the amended agenda (last modified 6 August 2026) and the 13 August 2025 minutes (item 8); quotes exact. The 2026 minutes were not read. On a second check the headline and plain summary were reworded to what the agenda shows: the meeting place, the comment item and the tour are listed; whether the tour took place is not in any record read.
official statementreported Aug 12, 2026: a Carbon commissioner said project nondisclosure agreements are usually the companies' demand
2026-08-12 · loc-002 · Jared Haddock, Carbon County Commission, Valar Atomics, Southeastern Regional Development Agency · Carbon County taxable value lost over a decade, per Commissioner Haddock: $1,000,000,000

ETV News (14 Aug 2026) reported the Carbon & Emery Energy Collaborative held on 12 August 2026 at the Southeastern Regional Development Agency's offices in Price. Carbon County Commissioner Jared Haddock said the county had lost roughly $1 billion in taxable value over the past decade and that one large data center could provide a tax base comparable to about 4,200 homes. He also addressed concerns about nondisclosure agreements connected to economic development projects, saying (as ETV paraphrased him) that such agreements are typically required by the private companies considering an area rather than by the county, and that another company was looking at bringing industry to Carbon County, with details limited. At the same event Valar's Jess Housekeeper spoke of plans to eventually manufacture reactors and fuel. The report names no Valar site. Eight days later Haddock told the Trust Lands board the county had worked with Valar 'since the beginning' (ppl-020). One week after the summit, the commission's own minutes (19 Aug 2026) record it lifting a 'long-standing' NDA on a separate $600 million factory prospect that had been canceled (loc-036). No nondisclosure agreement between Carbon County and Valar appears in any record read; neither the report nor the minutes say one exists.

In plain termsA nondisclosure agreement (NDA) is a contract to keep talks confidential. A Carbon County commissioner said in public that such agreements come up in economic-development talks and are usually the company's demand, not the county's, and a week later the county's own minutes recorded that a big factory prospect had been under a long-standing NDA, lifted and announced after the company canceled (loc-036). It does not show that the county signed one with Valar: a public-records (GRAMA) request to Carbon County for any NDA or confidentiality agreement with Valar would settle that.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read ETV 14 Aug: holds as ETV's paraphrase of Haddock. Replaced a quote that was Housekeeper's, not Haddock's. Added the 19 Aug minutes recording a county NDA on another project (loc-036).
recordconfirmed The public notice for the Wellington parcel named neither Valar nor a nuclear use; the memo says other notices were also given
2026-08-07 · mine-012 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, Valar Atomics, Carbon County Commission, Southeastern Regional Development Agency, Utah Division of Water Rights

Trust Lands' public notice for the parcel (now archived) said the agency had received an application on 640 acres in Sec. 16, T14S R11E near Wellington and invited competing bids to lease, buy or exchange it by 5 p.m. on 7 August 2026 (with $51,100 in deposits and fees). It did not name the applicant or say what the land would be used for. The board memorandum says notices were also posted in the local newspaper (not named), on the agency website, and sent to existing lessees, permittees and adjoining landowners under rule R850-30-500; that notice ran for 30 days on the state Resource Development Coordinating Committee (RDCC) dashboard and went to the Carbon County Commission and the Southeastern Regional Development Agency; and that no competing offers came in. The only agency comment the memo records is from the Division of Water Rights.

In plain termsTrust Lands' memo says other notices were also given, but the main public notice, the one an ordinary reader might see, said only that 'an application' had been received for the land. It did not say who or what for. Someone reading it would not have learned that a nuclear company wanted the land.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read in late September 2026: notice (archived) names no applicant or use; deadline 5:00 PM 7 Aug 2026; $50,000 + $700 + $250 + $150 = $51,100. Memo notice paragraph matches; quote exact. The date field is the bid deadline; the notice's first posting date is not shown on the page. Revised before publication (2026-09-30): reworded the plain-language text.
recordconfirmed Carbon County's planners are drafting rules for big 'contested' projects and data centers; hearing planned for November
2026-08-04 · csite-013 · Carbon County Planning Commission

Signed minutes of the 4 August 2026 Planning Commission meeting (scanned) record the zoning administrator presenting a map of possible development areas with a one-mile buffer around cities for 'big infrastructure projects' and a half-mile buffer around county addresses, limited to the Mining & Grazing zone. A commissioner proposed a conditional overlay permit for 'highly contested industries' and said he did not want large computer companies to 'fly under the guise of Industrial zoning'; members listed possible conditions (water use, evaporation, heat, power supply, the county's finances). The administrator asked members to list conditions and said he would like a public hearing in November 2026, aiming to finish the code update by year end. Valar, nuclear power and the Wellington parcel are not mentioned. The parcel lies about five miles from Wellington, outside a one-mile city buffer.

In plain termsThe county is writing new rules that could set conditions on very large industrial projects such as data centers, and plans a public hearing on them this November. The minutes do not say whether nuclear plants or Valar's campus are in view. The minutes say the hearing would gather public feedback before the code update is finished.
verified 2026-10-02: Holds. Re-read in late September 2026: August 4 minutes pp. 5-6 (the rest searched for Valar/nuclear/reactor/Wellington: none). Quote exact. The speaking commissioner is named in the minutes; here described by role.
recordconfirmed Orangeville is drafting an 'Advanced Energy and Manufacturing' zone for Valar's land; drafts to go through city and Valar attorneys
2026-07-16 · loc-013 · Orangeville City Council, Orangeville City Planning and Zoning, Valar Atomics, Jess Housekeeper, Emery County Commission, Castle Valley Special Service District

Orangeville City records: on 11 December 2025 the mayor told the council he would like to see Valar annexed into the city (minutes; he had first raised annexation in September 2025). On 17 March 2026 a special service district asked Emery County that Valar's parcel be annexed into Orangeville (gov-022), and on 19 May the county sent annexation notices (gov-022); on 21 May the Castle Valley Special Service District board reviewed pending annexations including property near Orangeville 'that may be developed by Valor', noting recent state law changes that allow a streamlined annexation by landowner petition (minutes). The city's 11 June minutes record staff 'working on annexation requirements' and the mayor meeting Valar about annexation. On 9 July council minutes record staff 'working on Nuclear Energy Ordinance', and that the city had sent a draft of 'the nuclear energy industry ordinance' being coded to allow Valar to be annexed; the annexation process was to begin at the August meeting with a Valar representative present. The Planning and Zoning Commission's 16 July minutes record an agenda item 'Ordinance I-2 Advanced Energy and Manufacturing District', with Valar's Jess Housekeeper present as its representative: 'There needs to be a plan for an ordinance for this company and future companies', he 'explained the wants and needs for this company', a public meeting would need to be posted by 30 July in draft form, and 'Everything needs to go through the attorneys from the City and Valar.' The commission's later agendas (11 August, 8 September, 17 September work meeting) do not list the I-2 ordinance, and no public hearing on it was found in the council's or the planning commission's notices through the 8 October 2026 council notice (a hearing on a cemetery fee). On 13 August the mayor said annexation could begin once the sale is final (loc-014). The planning commission's 8 September agenda and the council's 10 September agenda list an 'Updated Annexation Policy', the council's item 'to reflect legislative changes'. At the county, commissioners said on 21 July that annexation would put the land under Orangeville's authority for services and future land-use decisions, that it was meant to let Orangeville provide services such as water and sewer, and that it had been considered before Valar's current development plans (ETV, 28 July).

In plain termsValar's growing Emery site is set to be moved from county control into the town of Orangeville. The town is writing a new zoning district, called I-2 'Advanced Energy and Manufacturing', meant for this company and future companies, and its planning minutes say the draft goes through both the city's lawyers and Valar's. Zoning is what decides what can be built and where. No public hearing notice on the new zone was found in the city's or planning commission's posted notices as of late September 2026; when one is, it will be residents' chance to comment.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read all minutes, agendas and both notice lists: holds. Made the 8-10 Sept item exact (agenda listings, not recorded action), described Housekeeper as the minutes do, added the CVSSD May annexation discussion, and removed an uncited legal claim from the plain-language summary.
recordconfirmed The Wellington notice ran in ETV July 15-29 and named no use; of three other Trust Lands notices read from that paper, two named a use and one gave only a lease number
2026-07-15 · loc-032 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, ETV News, Valar Atomics · earnest money required of any competing bidder: $50,000

The newspaper notice the Trust Lands memo mentions without naming the paper (csite-005, mine-012) matches ETV News's 'TRUST LANDS OPPORTUNITY', published 15, 22 and 29 July 2026: Trust Lands 'has received an application on the following property near Wellington' (T14S R11E, Section 16, about 640 acres) and will take bids to lease, buy or exchange it by 5 p.m. on 7 August 2026; a bidder must submit a bid, a development plan and an application with $50,000 earnest money and $1,100 in fees; details by phone or at the Monticello office. It names no applicant, no use and no lease number (the lease was already numbered SULA 2095 and mapped by 9 April, mine-048). The first printing gave 23 days to prepare a competing bid and development plan; the web notice had gone up on 8 July (csite-005). The same agency's notices in the same paper do sometimes state the use: a 19 August 2026 notice for 319.55 acres of Carbon County trust land says the application is 'for a commercial photovoltaic solar power generation project', and a 24 June 2026 notice describes an application to remove sand and gravel; a December 2025 Emery notice gives no use but cites its lease number (SULA 2087). Those three notices ran under the heading 'PUBLIC NOTICE' and directed applications to the agency's Salt Lake City office; the Wellington notice ran under the heading 'TRUST LANDS OPPORTUNITY', directed bids to its Southeastern Area Office in Monticello, and was the only one of the four to ask for a development plan and earnest money. The one that gave no use, SULA 2087, is, like the Wellington lease (SULA 2095), a special use lease. Trust Lands' rule requires a notice to include other information that may create interest, so long as it does not breach the confidentiality of the application (csite-005); the record does not say whether the use was treated as confidential, or why the Wellington notice omitted it.

In plain termsThe state did advertise the Wellington land in the local paper, three times in July 2026. But the ad said only that someone had applied for the square mile and that others could bid, with no word of who, or that the plan was a nuclear campus. A month later the same agency, in the same paper, told readers another application was for a solar farm; that notice came from a different Trust Lands office, and a December 2025 notice for an Emery lease gave no use either. Trust Lands' rule let the Wellington ad leave out who and what (csite-005), but a reader could not have known from it what was coming.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read all four legal notices: holds (fees $700+$250+$150; 23 days to the 7 Aug deadline). Plain field no longer asserts the notice 'met the rules' as our finding; it cites the rule record.
recordconfirmed Ambulance cover near the reactor: Orangeville's was available 13% of the time in June 2026, per a council report
2026-07-09 · loc-008 · Orangeville City Council, Emery Emergency Medical Special Service District, Emery County Commission · yearly state PILT money directed to Emery EMS for five years (21 July 2026): $200,000

ETV News (16 July 2026) reported that at the Orangeville City Council meeting of 9 July 2026 a councilman said Orangeville ambulance availability was 13% during the past month, against 24% the month before; that closure of the Orangeville-Castle Dale ambulance garage was being considered if staffing could not be fixed; and that the county had tabled the EMS district's funding request. On 21 July the Emery County Commission voted to direct the first $200,000 of state payment-in-lieu-of-taxes money each year for five years to the emergency medical district, to raise on-call pay by $2 an hour (ETV, 28 July). Valar's safety agreement asks to plan for on-site emergencies only and relies on coordination with Emery County Emergency Management, Emery County Fire and local responders (safe-016); no public emergency plan or drill record for Ward 250 was found (safe-016). How often an ambulance would be available for the Valar site, which lies on Coal Haul Road west of Orangeville (Castle Dale minutes, 12 March 2026), is not in any record read. The city's own minutes confirm the 13% figure for June (9 July); record on 11 June the fire chief saying the ambulance had been 'only available 14% of the time' and a council report that county ambulance arrival times were averaging 25 minutes and that stations might be combined; and record the city fire chief saying on 19 February that he would meet Valar on its fire safety plan and reporting on 12 March that he had gone through Valar's safety protocols and 'everything is looking well'.

In plain termsThe reactor's safety plan leans on local fire and ambulance crews for anything beyond the site's own staff. In June 2026 the Orangeville ambulance was staffed and available only about one-eighth of the time, according to a council member's report recorded in the city's minutes, and the county was moving money to fix that. The risk from the reactor is not measured here; the point is that the local emergency services it counts on are stretched.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read ETV 16 July and 28 July and the Orangeville minutes: holds. Fixed 19 Feb (the fire chief said he would meet Valar; the 12 March minutes record that he had). Replaced two quotes that did not bear on this fact. Sourced the site's location.
official statementreported As reported, Carbon commissioners called Ward 250 a 'commercial reactor' and the planned data center waterless; Valar calls Ward 250 a research reactor and has called the data center both waterless and low-water
2026-07-01 · loc-005 · Jared Haddock, Tony Martines, Carbon County Commission, Valar Atomics, NVIDIA

ETV News (3 July 2026) reported the Carbon County Commission meeting of Wednesday 1 July 2026 (ETV's text gives 'June 2' and 'June 1', but its publication date, the fire restrictions ahead of the Fourth of July and the NVIDIA announcement place it on 1 July; the commission's 1 July minutes record the same celebration (csite-026) and record Commissioner Haddock saying Valar had announced a data center partnership, one 'that will run without any water'). As ETV reported it, Commissioner Jared Haddock described Ward 250 as having recently become 'the first government-approved commercial reactor' to achieve a self-sustaining reaction outside a federal lab, and Commissioner Tony Martines said that because Valar's reactor is gas-cooled and NVIDIA's chips are air-cooled, the planned data center won't need water. Set beside the record: Valar's own February 2026 release says Ward 250 is a research reactor and 'not a commercial power plant'; DOE's pilot is for research and 'not' to demonstrate commercial suitability; DOE's 'first DOE authorized reactor built outside of a national laboratory' holds (orig-010). On water, Valar's account as ETV reported it was that the data center would use a closed-loop cooling system 'designed for low water consumption' and that it already had the water it needs, while seeking up to 1,000 more shares for other projects (ETV, 28 July). The part about being first outside a federal lab holds; 'commercial' goes beyond what Valar and DOE say. The commissioners' no-water description matches Valar's own 4 August 2026 release, which calls the planned data center 'a waterless 30 MW AI factory'.

In plain termsTwo Carbon County commissioners, speaking at a public meeting as the local paper reported it, described Valar's test reactor as a 'commercial' reactor and its planned data center as needing no water. The officials' description, as reported, differs from Valar's own on the reactor: Valar calls Ward 250 a research reactor that is not a commercial power plant. On water, Valar has described the data center both as waterless (in its own August 2026 announcement) and as designed for low water use (as the local paper reported in late July).
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read ETV 3 July, the Feb 2026 Valar release and ETV 28 July: holds as ETV's paraphrase. Plain field now says 'as reported'. Revised before publication (late September 2026): the comparison is restated as a plain difference.
recordreported July 1, 2026 Orangeville event: Valar and NVIDIA announce they are exploring a 30 MW nuclear-powered data center
2026-07-01 · orig-042 · Valar Atomics, NVIDIA, Isaiah Taylor, Emy Lesofski, David Hinkins, Deseret News

Deseret News (Eva Terry, July 1, 2026) reported an event at Valar's Orangeville site with Taylor, an NVIDIA energy-policy director, Utah energy office director Emy Lesofski and State Sen. David Hinkins, where the companies said they are exploring a 30 megawatt data center fully powered by Valar's reactors. The article says Ward 250 was 'now generating 100 kilowatts of electricity'; that wording cannot match the 100 kW continuous thermal limit in Valar's safety agreement, which allows 250 kW only for up to an hour: a reactor limited to 100 kW of heat cannot deliver 100 kW of electricity, because turning heat into electricity always loses part of it. The figure is most likely the thermal rating reported as electric.

In plain termsOn July 1, 2026 at the Emery County site, Valar and NVIDIA said they are exploring a 30-megawatt data center run on Valar reactors. The newspaper's '100 kilowatts of electricity' cannot be right for a reactor limited to 100 kilowatts of heat in continuous running, because only part of the heat can become electricity.
verified 2026-10-02: Second check, late September 2026: Deseret re-read: event, speakers (an NVIDIA energy-policy director, Lesofski, Hinkins), 30 MW data-center study and '100 kilowatts of electricity' all present. The inference is now stated with its reason.
recordconfirmed Carbon commissioners signed a June 29 support letter; no Carbon County agenda from May to mid-Sept shows it or the site
2026-06-29 · mine-013 · Carbon County Commission, Larry Jensen, Tony Martines, Jared Haddock, Valar Atomics

The Trust Lands packets include a letter on Carbon County Board of Commissioners letterhead dated 29 June 2026, addressed to the 'SITLA Board of Trustees' and signed by Commissioners Tony Martines, Jared Haddock and Larry Jensen, supporting Valar's desire to locate 'north of Wellington on SITLA lands' and saying the county had worked with Valar for over a year; it does not mention nuclear power or a reactor. The commission's agendas and minutes posted on the Utah Public Notice Website for its meetings of 6 May through 16 September 2026 (most are scanned images; the 5 August meeting was canceled; 16 September minutes not yet posted as of 1 October 2026) contain no item approving that letter and no item on the Wellington site. Valar appears in commissioners' remarks on 1 July 2026 (celebrating the Emery reactor and a data-center partnership), in a 19 August 2026 'Valor Atomics presentation' about the Orangeville operation and planned public events (the minutes add that commissioners highlighted the tax benefits 'the plant will bring', without saying where), and in a 2 September 2026 announcement of an Orangeville open house and a planned Carbon County town hall. By contrast, Emery County put its support letter for Valar on a public agenda (17 February 2026, orig-046).

In plain termsThe county's support for the Carbon site was put in writing and sent to the state, but we found no public county meeting where it was discussed or voted on before it was sent. Minutes of the meetings of 7 January to 15 April 2026, also read, show no such item either. Whether a vote was needed is a legal question for the county; the county clerk's records would show how the letter was approved.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-checked in late September 2026: letter read in the September packet (p. 28); all 17 Carbon agendas and minutes on file re-read for Valar/Valor/atomic/nuclear/Wellington/SITLA/trust/letter; only the items described appear. The archived Aug 19 minutes match the live file. carbon.utah.gov was not searched for the letter.
recordconfirmed DOE: Ward 250 completed zero-power fueled criticality in Emery County, second under the Reactor Pilot Program
2026-06-18 · orig-010 · Valar Atomics, U.S. Department of Energy, Chris Wright, Isaiah Taylor, Antares Nuclear

DOE's June 18, 2026 release says Ward 250 completed a zero-power fueled criticality demonstration at the Utah San Rafael Energy Lab in Emery County, the first DOE-authorized reactor built outside a national laboratory. DOE calls it the second of several reactors expected to go critical by the July 4 deadline in the May 2025 executive order; Antares Nuclear's Mark-0 at Idaho National Laboratory was first earlier that month. Energy Secretary Chris Wright and Isaiah Taylor are quoted; Taylor says the site was empty nine months earlier. DOE describes criticality as a sustained chain reaction that must precede power generation.

In plain termsDOE confirms that on June 18, 2026 Ward 250 in Emery County sustained a chain reaction at essentially zero power, the first step before a reactor makes heat. It was the second reactor to do this under DOE's pilot program. DOE says criticality must be achieved before a reactor can generate power; it shows a sustained chain reaction, not how the reactor performs at power, and it does not settle the separate questions about its safety documents (safe-007).
verified 2026-10-02: Second check, late September 2026: DOE release and ANS re-read: zero-power fueled criticality, first DOE-authorized reactor built outside a national lab, second after Antares, quotes exact. Revised before publication (2026-10-01): wording made more exact against the cited records.
recordconfirmed May 2026: Carbon County voted to enter 'the beginning stages' of a BLM gas-pipeline right-of-way for Altigen plants east of Wellington
2026-05-20 · mine-050 · Carbon County Commission, Altigen, Bureau of Land Management

The Carbon County Commission's 20 May 2026 agenda listed, for possible approval, a partnership with ALTIGEN ('Jurassic Spark Project') on a natural gas pipeline right-of-way across BLM land. The minutes (scanned) say Altigen intends to build natural gas power plants on private property east of Wellington; that BLM offered Carbon County the option to hold the right-of-way for a pipeline across the North Coal Creek area; that Altigen will bear all environmental work, costs, maintenance and erosion control, and the county is not paying; and that the commission voted to enter 'the beginning stages' of the right-of-way. No BLM right-of-way case naming Altigen or Carbon County created since June 2025 appears in BLM's public layer as of late September 2026. No record read links this project to Valar.

In plain termsA separate energy project, gas-fired power plants east of Wellington with a pipeline across federal land, got early county approval in an open public meeting in May 2026.
verified 2026-10-02: Found during verification in late September 2026 while re-reading the May-September Carbon minutes for mine-013; archived copies checked again and unchanged. Updated in late September 2026.
recordconfirmed How Emery County approved selling Valar the 112-acre lab-side parcel: bid rule amended, then a $394,500 direct sale approved
2026-05-19 · gov-022 · Emery County Commission, Emery County Local Building Authority, Valar Atomics, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, Dennis Worwood, Keven Jensen, Jordan Leonard, Max Ukropina · sale price of parcel 04-0019-0030 from Emery County / LBA to Valar Atomics (average of two appraisals): $394,500

From the Emery County Commission's minutes. 20 Jan 2026: the commission began 'the disposition process' for parcel 04-0019-0030 ('the property next to the Research Center') 'solely for the purpose of economic development'. 17 Feb: a letter of support for Valar passed; the MOU for Valar's site-suitability testing on the parcel was 'Tabled' (the agenda listing is in orig-046). 17 March: the county's property ordinance required 30 days' notice to neighbors, posting three weeks before sale, and 'sealed bids'; the commission added a section letting it sell under state statute 17-78-103 (notice, public comment and fair value by two appraisals, no bidding) when a parcel is not posted within 30 days; the county attorney said he had not reviewed the new wording and Commissioner Worwood voted no for that reason; the same meeting then approved selling the parcel to Valar under 17-78-103, subject to a hearing and two appraisals, and let Valar use it as a staging area if the county were released from liability. 7 April hearing: Valar said it wants the land for 'Fuel fabrication and manufacturing' and possible temporary employee housing; the state lab director said the state also wanted to buy it, for 'contiguous ownership to maintain safety', and asked whether a bid process could be requested; Commissioner Worwood answered that the county followed state requirements and called the sale 'an intermediate step' while Valar looks for 'a larger piece of property with water'; asked about incentives, the answer recorded was 'None'. 19 May: the commission (2-0) approved the purchase and sale agreement at $394,500, the average of two appraisals, sent annexation notices for the parcel and the lab parcel into Orangeville, and passed a resolution removing the parcel from the Inland Port project area. 7 July: a 30-day due-diligence extension, already signed by one commissioner, was ratified; he said the land 'has been sold' to Valar. Other items in these minutes: on 17 March a local special service district asked that Valar annex the parcel into Orangeville, and the sheriff reported a recent meeting with Valar on safety. No recorded deed was read (open question).

In plain termsEmery County approved selling Valar about 112 acres next to the state lab for $394,500, roughly $3,500 an acre, set by averaging two appraisals. The county's own rule had called for sealed bids; the commission changed that rule at the same meeting where it approved the sale to Valar, before its attorney had reviewed the change. The state lab said it wanted the land too, to keep ownership around the reactor in one hand for safety, and asked whether a bid process could be requested; the county went ahead with the sale to Valar. Valar says it wants the land for making nuclear fuel and manufacturing. The sale followed state law, but it was not a competitive sale.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read the Jan 20, Feb 17, Mar 17, Apr 7, May 19 and Jul 7 2026 minutes and Utah Code 17-78-103 (version effective 6 May 2026: notice, public comment, two-appraisal fair value, no bidding requirement) in late September 2026; all quotes exact. Holds; added two related items from the same minutes. Corrected in late September 2026: sale wording now 'approved selling' (no deed read).
analysisconfirmed Valar's draft accident math puts the nearest public access 400 m away; the host lab is 20.6 acres, too small to hold a 400 m radius
2026-04-22 · safe-014 · Valar Atomics, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab

The NSDA's accident doses are calculated for a site boundary 400 m from the reactor, described as 'the nearest point of public access', with the nearest residence at about 800 m and the nearest group at 1,200 m. DOE's categorical exclusion describes USREL as 'a 20.6-acre site', with Ward 250's reactor complex and fuel laboratory inside a security-fenced area of about 2 acres; ETV News (October 2025) reported Valar's allotment at the lab as 11 acres. A circle of 400 m radius covers about 124 acres (pi x 400 m squared = 502,655 square meters), so no point on a 20.6-acre site can be 400 m from every edge of it. The 400 m boundary must therefore run over land outside the lab, and no record read says who controls public access there. The NSDA's own dispersion factors show why it matters: the one it uses at 100 m is 16 times the one at 400 m (4.0e-3 versus 2.5e-4 s/m3), and its worst-case dose at 100 m is under 5 rem. Our check: the 100 m factor meets DOE's prescribed default, but the 400 m factor is 3.1 to 12.3 times lower than standard rural methods give for the paper's stated weather, so its 400 m bounds may be low by that factor (still far below 25 rem). In August 2026 Valar said it was buying about 110 acres north of the lab from Emery County, and later state records describe the land as purchased (mine-018); that could put more nearby land under Valar's control, but it post-dates the October 2025 NSDA and no record read says whether it covers the 400 m circle. No public copy of the approved DSA's site description, which would define the boundary, was found. DOE's categorical exclusion says 'Radiation monitoring and controlled access are maintained during operations', without saying where. No DOE document read sets 400 m as a required exclusion boundary for Ward 250; it is the distance at which Valar's draft paper calculates public doses.

In plain termsAccident calculations assume the closest a member of the public can get to the reactor. Valar's figure is 400 meters. But the whole state lab it sits on is only about 20 acres, and a circle reaching 400 meters out in every direction would cover about 124 acres. So either public access to land beyond the lab is controlled, which no record read describes (Valar has since bought, or is buying, about 110 acres north of the lab, mine-018, but no record read says whether that covers the circle), or people can get closer than 400 meters, where the calculated doses would be higher. The final safety analysis would show which.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read NSDA pp. 10, 36 and CX pp. 1-2 and ETV in late September 2026; geometry re-checked (pi x 400^2 m2 = 124.2 acres). Holds. Added Valar's reported 110-acre purchase (mine-018) as a possible partial explanation; no record ties it to the boundary. Revised before publication (late September 2026): dispersion factors not called concentrations; 'up to 5 rem' now 'under 5 rem'; added the 100 m and 400 m checks. Revised before publication (2026-09-30): reworded the plain-language text; reworded the headline. Revised before publication (2026-10-01): wording made more exact against the cited records.
newrecordconfirmed A February permit application (applicant not named) covered nearly all of Section 16, where the state approved leasing 480 acres to Valar in September
2026-04-09 · dir-036 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, Valar Atomics, Utah National Guard

Right-of-entry permit application 7675 (Trust Lands permit map, 18 February 2026) covers nearly all of Section 16, T14S R11E, SLB&M, north of Wellington: 634.32 acres (the map leaves out a small southeast corner). Trust Lands' map for Special Use Lease Agreement No. 2095, produced 9 April 2026 and posted by the RDCC on 20 April 2026 as a 'Lease Agreement with possible option to purchase' (project 87203), covers the north half and southwest quarter of the same section: 480 acres. The Trust Lands board memorandum says the Utah National Guard's lease, SULA 1321, occupies the section's southeast quarter (160 acres). The board approved SULA 2095 with Valar Atomics on 17 September 2026, per the meeting transcript (mine-011). No record read names the applicant for 7675 or shows the permit was issued.

In plain termsAn application for a permit to study nearly all of a square mile north of Wellington was logged in February; the applicant's name was not found in the public records read. In September the state approved leasing three quarters of that square mile (480 acres) to Valar. The fourth quarter is leased to the Utah National Guard.
verified 2026-10-02: Read 30 Sept 2026: the permit 7675 map, the SULA 2095 lease map and its RDCC record, and the 17 Sept 2026 board memorandum (packet pages 17-29). From BLM's survey grid the section computes to about 652 acres and the N2+SW4 to about 489 acres; the figures in the text are Trust Lands' own. Second check, 2026-09-30 (two independent checks): no record that the permits were issued was found; 'nearly all' of Section 16; areas recomputed on the ellipsoid.
company claimconfirmed At the April 2026 land-sale hearing Valar promised 'to be open with all plans'; its Carbon site was not named
2026-04-07 · gov-038 · Valar Atomics, Cory Gardner, Keven Jensen, Dennis Worwood, Emery County Commission, Utah Trust Lands Administration

Emery County's minutes of the 7 April 2026 public hearing on selling parcel 04-0019-0030 record Valar's commercial development representative, Cory Gardner (spelled 'Gardiner' there), saying the company is part of the community and will 'promise to be open with all plans', and Commissioner Keven Jensen saying Valar 'has been transparent'. Set beside the record: at that hearing Valar described its plans for the Emery parcel (fuel fabrication, manufacturing, possible temporary employee housing), and Commissioner Dennis Worwood said the sale was 'an intermediate step' while Valar looks for 'a larger piece of property with water' (gov-022), but no Carbon County site was named; the state's lease map for the Wellington section is dated two days later, 9 April 2026 (mine-048); the state's 20 April public notice named neither Valar nor nuclear (csite-032); and the first public agenda naming Valar with the Carbon site came on 10 August 2026 (csite-018). On the other side of the ledger, Valar did open its Emery facility to the public: on 17 February 2026 it told the commission it would hold open houses, the first on 24 February 2026. The gap is between a general promise of openness and a public record that did not show the Carbon site for four months; what Valar knew about the Wellington lease on 7 April is not in the records read.

In plain termsAt a public hearing in April 2026, Valar told Emery County residents it would be open about all its plans, and a county commissioner called the company transparent. Two days later the state produced the lease map for Valar's Carbon County site, and no public notice found named Valar as the applicant for that site until August. Valar did hold open houses in Emery County, and a commissioner said at the hearing that Valar wanted more land with water. But the public record did not connect Valar to the Wellington site for four months after the promise.
verified 2026-10-02: New in an earlier check, late September 2026; both minutes read in that check; dates of the Carbon records rest on mine-048, csite-032 and csite-018. No intent asserted.
recordconfirmed Utility district minutes: Valar 'tied into the county sewer system without prior authorization'; state permit needed
2026-03-19 · loc-015 · Castle Valley Special Service District, Valar Atomics, Utah Division of Water Quality, Jess Housekeeper, Willem Kriel

Castle Valley Special Service District (CVSSD) runs water and sewer for Castle Valley towns including Orangeville. Its approved minutes of 19 February 2026 record Valar's Jess Housekeeper presenting Valar's plans (by video), the board approving a $20,000 outside-district water connection for Valar contingent on all water shares being submitted to Orangeville, and the manager reporting that Valar 'will be required to apply to' the state Division of Water Quality (DWQ) for a sewer discharge permit, which DWQ would administer for four years, and that no sewer connection would be approved until DWQ approved the permit. The approved minutes of 19 March 2026 (whose opening line misdates the meeting to 19 February) record the manager's update: sewer plans 'were not submitted to the State as required', water service work was paused pending DWQ approval, 'Valar tied into the county sewer system without prior authorization', Valar was asking for ordinary sanitary sewer service for restrooms only with no process water, a site visit with the regional DEQ engineer was planned, and water service would not be provided until all sewer permits and approvals were in place; no action was taken. The district's May, July and August 2026 minutes (read; the June minutes, approved on 16 July, were not found on the state public notice website as of 30 September 2026) do not return to the sewer issue, though the May minutes discuss annexing property near Orangeville 'that may be developed by Valor', and its 17 September agenda lists no Valar item. DOE's categorical exclusion puts water use under 1,000 gallons a day for domestic use, with no process-water discharges, which matches the restrooms-only request. As of 30 September 2026, no record read shows whether DWQ issued a permit, or how the tie-in the minutes report was resolved.

In plain termsThe local water-and-sewer district recorded in March 2026 a staff report that Valar had 'tied into the county sewer system without prior authorization', and had not sent its sewer plans to the state as required. The request itself was ordinary, toilets and sinks only, not reactor water. It matters less for danger than for process: the district's minutes are the only record of it found, and no Valar response or later resolution appears in the records read. Whether the state permit was later issued was not found in the records read as of 30 September 2026; a GRAMA request to the Division of Water Quality and to the district would show it.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read the Feb and Mar minutes (text) and the May and July minutes (scanned): holds. Corrected 'June minutes read' (June's are not posted). Plain-language text: 'habit' implied a pattern from one record, now 'process'. Revised before publication (late September 2026): the plain-language text attributes the tie-in to the staff report and drops a conclusion. Revised before publication (2026-09-30): reworded the detail.
newrecordconfirmed Four applications for state site-study permits on about 8,300 acres for 'industrial and manufacturing development' were posted Feb. 19, 2026; none names the applicant
2026-02-19 · dir-035 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, Resource Development Coordinating Committee, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources

On 19 February 2026 the state's Resource Development Coordinating Committee (RDCC) posted four applications for Trust Lands right-of-entry (site-study) permits as projects 87096 to 87099, numbered 7672, 7674, 7675 and 7676. Comments were due 3 March and the stated start was 6 March. Each notice says that Trust Lands 'has received a Right-of-Entry (ROE) permit application' for cultural-resource surveys, geotechnical investigations and similar studies 'to evaluate the feasibility of a potential industrial and manufacturing development', and that 'No permanent development is proposed under the Right-of-Entry authorization.' Trust Lands' permit maps, dated 18 February 2026, give the areas: 7672, 1,812.94 acres near Green River (T20S R15E and T21S R15-16E, Emery County); 7674, 5,381.59 acres south and west of Price (T14-15S R9-10E, Carbon County); 7675, 634.32 acres, nearly all of Section 16, T14S R11E, north of Wellington (Carbon County; the map leaves out a small southeast corner); 7676, 487.83 acres in Sections 2 and 16, T16S R13E (Emery County). That is 8,316.68 acres in all. The notices record that local governments were contacted on 19 February. The only state comments were Division of Wildlife Resources recommendations of 3 March 2026: three of the areas are crucial year-long pronghorn habitat; white-tailed prairie dogs, burrowing owls and kit foxes could occur; and hawks are known to nest near two of the areas. No applicant is named in the four notices, the four maps or the comment letters, and no record read shows the permits were issued: the register lists all four as 'State Comment Published'.

In plain termsIn February the state logged four applications for permits to survey and test about 8,300 acres of state land in Carbon and Emery counties for possible industrial development. Who applied, and whether the permits were issued, was not found in the public records read (as of 30 September 2026). One of the four covers nearly all of the square mile where the state later approved leasing 480 acres to Valar.
verified 2026-10-02: Read 30 Sept 2026: the RDCC records (all fields; dates given in UTC and Mountain time), all four permit maps (scanned; acreage legends read at full size) and the four comment letters in full. The acreages sum to 8,316.68. Copies are archived. Second check, 2026-09-30 (two independent checks): no record that the permits were issued was found; 'nearly all' of Section 16; areas recomputed on the ellipsoid.
newrecordconfirmed Near Green River, one of permit application 7672's sections (applicant not named) is state land that Valar's BLM application surrounds
2026-02-18 · dir-037 · Utah Trust Lands Administration, Bureau of Land Management, Valar Atomics

Right-of-entry permit application 7672 (1,812.94 acres; Trust Lands permit map, 18 February 2026) lies within Sections 32 and 36 of T20S R15E, Sections 10 and 11 of T21S R15E and Section 6 of T21S R16E, near Green River in Emery County. The permit map file is named for, and draws beside it, Special Use Lease Agreement No. 1622 (2,441.03 acres); no record read names that lease's holder. Overlaid on BLM's case map for Valar's pending 'Green River Gigasite' right-of-way application (UTUT106784007), Section 32 of T20S R15E lies wholly inside the application's outer boundary and is the only hole in the case map (about 637 acres): state land the application surrounds. The case map also covers about 467 acres of Section 6, T21S R16E (the part that is not state land); the permit application's state land there lies outside it. Sections 36, 10 and 11 lie outside it; they border it, but no part falls inside it. No record read (to 30 Sept 2026) names the applicant for 7672 or shows the permit was issued. BLM's case record, as saved in late September 2026, listed Valar's application as pending; Valar told a reporter it has decided not to pursue the site (mine-008).

In plain termsNear Green River, one of the four February permit applications covers a square mile of state land that Valar's federal application surrounds on all sides. No record read names the applicant. BLM's case record, as saved in late September 2026, listed Valar's application as pending, though Valar told a reporter it has decided not to pursue the site.
verified 2026-10-02: Computed 30 Sept 2026 from BLM's survey-grid sections and BLM's case map for UTUT106784007 as saved in late September 2026; BLM's case map was not re-checked on 30 Sept. On an ellipsoidal equal-area computation the case map has three outer parts (about 13,780, 199 and 82 acres) and one hole, Section 32 (about 637 acres). Sections 36 (T20S R15E) and 2 (T21S R15E) are notches in its edge, not holes. Every figure and sentence was checked twice, independently, against the records. Second check, 30 Sept 2026: no record read shows the permit issued; areas recomputed on the ellipsoid.
recordconfirmed Fire review of the reactor building: the State Fire Marshal declined; there is no county fire inspector
2026-02-17 · loc-018 · Emery County Fire Protection Special Service District, Utah State Fire Marshal, Valar Atomics, Emery County Commission

Minutes of the Emery County Fire Protection Special Service District: 17 November 2025, item 'Getting 3rd Party to Review Plans for Nuclear Power Plant': the district was asked to approve fire plans for the 'Nuclear test plant' at Orangeville; the chair had called the State Fire Marshal's office, which 'didn't want to touch it'; the board tabled it to get information on the fire code and whether there was adequate water flow (GPM) for the building classification. 15 December 2025: the chair said he would sign the fire protection plans as soon as the paperwork arrived (safe-016). 17 February 2026 (the minutes' header reads 'Tuesday, February 17th, 2025', misprinting the year), item 'Valar Atomics': fire chiefs were asked to review building plans; 'State agencies declined to perform plan review and recommended third-party review'; responsibility may fall to the district or a local fire authority because there is no county fire inspector; the review concerns building fire-code compliance, not reactor design. 16 March 2026: 'The issue has been addressed with chiefs and is not currently a concern.' The April, May and June 2026 minutes do not return to it. Separately, Emery County's commission voted Valar's building permit itself on 2 September 2025 because its building department had not issued one (gov-021), and Orangeville's fire chief reported on 12 March 2026 that he had gone through Valar's safety protocols (loc-008). As of 30 September 2026, no record read says whether a third-party plan review was done, who did it, or what it found.

In plain termsBefore a building opens, someone normally checks its plans against the fire code. For the building that houses the reactor, state agencies declined to do that check and recommended a third-party review, and the county has no fire inspector of its own, so the job may fall to the county fire district or a local fire department. The March 2026 minutes say it 'has been addressed with chiefs and is not currently a concern', but not how, or by whom. This is about ordinary fire safety of the building, not the nuclear safety of the reactor, which DOE reviews.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read all fire district minutes. Corrected the meeting date to 17 Feb 2026 (Tuesday; the header misprints the year). Fixed the Orangeville fire chief item and removed 'volunteer' from the plain-language text (not in the source). Revised before publication (2026-09-30): reworded the plain-language text.
recordconfirmed Feb 2026 Emery County agenda: support letter for Valar and an MOU for site testing on a county parcel
2026-02-17 · orig-046 · Valar Atomics, Emery County Commission

The Emery County Commission's February 17, 2026 meeting notice lists two Valar items: approving or denying a county letter of support to Valar Atomics, and approving or denying an MOU letting Valar perform site suitability testing on parcel 04-0019-0030. This shows Valar was seeking to test county land next to the state lab by early 2026: county minutes of 20 January 2026 call the parcel 'the property next to the Research Center', and the county later approved selling it to Valar (gov-022). Valar's Castle Country page says the commission backed the project unanimously. The commission's minutes of the same day record the support letter approved 3-0, subject to the county attorney's review and approval, and the MOU item as 'Tabled'.

In plain termsIn February 2026 Emery County's agenda listed a support letter for Valar and a proposed agreement letting Valar test a county parcel next to the state lab; the commission approved the letter and tabled the agreement. The county later approved selling that parcel, about 112 acres, to Valar (gov-022).
verified 2026-10-02: Second check, late September 2026: Utah Public Notice page re-read: February 17, 2026 agenda with the support letter and the parcel 04-0019-0030 MOU. Castle Country page still says the commission backed the project unanimously. Match.
recordconfirmed BLM records show three pending Valar land applications in its Price office, incl. a 10,270-acre 'Green River Gigasite'
2026-02-13 · mine-006 · Valar Atomics, Bureau of Land Management, BLM Price Field Office

BLM's public rights-of-way layer lists Valar Atomics on three pending cases; the first two name it 'Applicant' and were filed with the Price Field Office (the office that handles most rights-of-way cases in Carbon and Emery counties in the same layer): (1) UTUT106784007, 'Green River Gigasite Small Modular Reactor/Data Center', a FLPMA land-use case, 'Pending' since 13 February 2026 (last modified 26 May 2026), 10,270.61 acres in T20S-T21S, R14E-R16E, north-west of the town of Green River in Emery County; (2) UTUT106801248, 'Project Beehive Small Modular Reactor/Data Center', 'Pending' (disposition date 13 April 2026, record created 30 April, last modified 15 September 2026), with no land description or map in the public layer; (3) UTUT106833224, filed under BLM's 'Oil and Gas Pipelines' product with the commodity 'DISTRIBUTION LINE', created 23 July 2026, 'Pending', also with no land shown and no case name. None of the three involves mining claims. No Federal Register notice naming Valar for any of them was found. On 18 September 2026 Valar told The Washington Sun that the Green River filing was an application for survey access and that it had decided not to pursue that project; BLM's layer still listed the case as 'Pending' in late September 2026 (mine-008).

In plain termsBesides the reactor at the state lab, Valar has asked the federal government for the use of public land for at least one very large reactor-and-data-center site near Green River (about 16 square miles; in September 2026 Valar said it had decided not to pursue it, mine-008), for a second site called 'Project Beehive' whose location is not shown in BLM's public layer, and for a third case BLM files as a pipeline ('distribution line'), location not shown. These are applications, not approvals. They can be seen in BLM's public case map, but no public notice of them was found.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-checked in late September 2026: all three cases, dates, acreage, legal description and 'Pending' status match. BLM's Price Field Office web page does not list its counties, so the coverage wording now rests on the case layer itself; the third case is described by BLM's own category (pipeline), not guessed as power or gas.
recordconfirmed Emergency planning: Valar asked to plan for on-site emergencies only; no public record shows DOE agreed
2025-12-15 · safe-016 · Valar Atomics, U.S. Department of Energy, Emery County Fire Protection District, Emery County Emergency Management

The NSDA asks DOE to tailor its emergency-management order (NE O 151.1) to 'on-site emergency response only (no off-site planning required)', justified by the worst-case boundary dose and an 800 m distance to the nearest residence (Appendix C.3); it says 'Emergency planning requirements remain limited to on-site response'. It commits to coordination with Emery County Emergency Management, Emery County Fire and local responders: familiarization tours, table-top exercises, hazard information, direct notification links and annual coordination meetings. DOE-STD-1271 lets contractors use equivalent NRC or industry standards 'except where noted'; its Emergency Management entry (NE O 151.1) lacks the explicit 'may choose ... an alternative' sentence most other sections carry, and the Nuclear Innovation Alliance reads the standard as allowing equivalents 'except for Emergency Planning and Cybersecurity'. The standard's general text does still let a contractor request a 'self-generated equivalent' or an exemption for any listed item, decided by DOE's approval authority, so a request like Valar's is not ruled out on its face. Valar's web summary does not list emergency planning among the alternatives DOE approved. Local record: the Emery County Fire Protection District's 15 December 2025 minutes record the board discussing the 'nuclear test plant proposed in Orangeville' and its fire protection plans, and the outgoing chair saying he would sign them when the paperwork arrived. No public emergency plan for Ward 250, no record of a table-top exercise, and no public notification arrangement for residents were found as of late September 2026. In comments to DOE (March 2026), Uranium Watch said news coverage of the Valar reactor gave no information on emergency response planning, spent fuel or who to contact. The paper's justification (p.54) calls boundary doses under 0.5 rem 'well below Protective Action Guidelines'. EPA's guide for evacuating or sheltering the public starts at 1 rem over four days, a factor of 2 above that bound, and the paper does not address EPA's 5 rem child-thyroid guide for potassium iodide, although it names iodine-131 as the main dose contributor.

In plain termsBig power plants must plan for evacuating or sheltering people for miles around. Valar argued its worst accident is small enough that emergency planning can stop at its own fence, with local fire crews briefed. DOE's own rulebook seems to leave less room to swap out the emergency rules than others, though a company can still ask, and the company's public summary does not say DOE agreed. The county fire board discussed fire-protection plans for the site in December 2025. No copy of the emergency plan itself was found in public records as of late September 2026: who gets called, and what neighbors would be told to do.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read NSDA pp. 11, 20-21, 45, 54; DOE-STD-1271 Attachment 1; NIA; Emery County Fire Protection District minutes of 15 Dec 2025; NIRS comments in late September 2026. Fixed: the headline 'no stated opt-out' overstated the standard, whose general text lets a contractor request an equivalent or exemption for any item; the fire board 'discussed' (not 'reviewed') the plans. Corrected in late September 2026: added EPA's evacuate-or-shelter guide (1 rem, a factor of 2) and the unaddressed 5 rem child-thyroid guide.
recordconfirmed 2025: the local paper printed Valar's 'gigasites' aim and a plan for a Carbon County factory hub; no site named
2025-10-10 · loc-034 · Valar Atomics, ETV News, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, Utah Office of Energy Development, Jaron Wallace

Two ETV News items from 2025, eleven months or more before the Wellington lease vote, show that a Valar project in Carbon County was in the local paper in general terms. On 17 September 2025 ETV printed the state Office of Energy Development's groundbreaking release; its 'About Valar Atomics' paragraph says Valar 'is building America’s first nuclear gigasites', which it defines as clusters of thousands of high-temperature reactors. On 10 October 2025 an ETV article on the San Rafael lab, quoting lab director Jaron Wallace, reported that after about three years, once Valar completes its reactor and proves it can be run safely, 'their current plan is to build a manufacturing hub in Carbon County', which could bring hundreds of jobs to Carbon and Emery; it also said Valar was looking at powering data centers. The article does not say who told ETV about the Carbon plan, names no site, and says nothing about trust land or reactors in Carbon County. In sum, a Carbon County project by Valar was public in general terms from October 2025; no local record read from before the state vote tied Valar to the Wellington location, the trust-land lease or the plan for a reactor, fuel and industrial campus there; ETV's July 2026 trust-land notice for the section named no applicant or use (loc-032), while the state's own board packet and public meeting of 20 August 2026 named Valar and the site (mine-010). The lease was approved about eleven months after the article, sooner than the 'after three years' it described.

In plain termsIn the fall of 2025 the local paper printed that Valar aimed to build clusters of thousands of reactors, and that its plan was a manufacturing hub in Carbon County in about three years. What the paper's news reports did not say, until the day after the state approved it, was where: the square mile of state land north of Wellington (a July legal notice in the paper for that land named no applicant). So the general idea was public early; the specific place, and how soon it would come, were not.
verified 2026-10-02: New in an earlier check: both ETV pages read in full in late September 2026. Tests what was public before the vote: the general Carbon plan was public in 2025; the site was not. Revised before publication (2026-09-30): reworded the detail; reworded the plain-language text; corrected the description of ETV News (its source type and title).
company claimconfirmed Ward 250 groundbreaking: Valar's page says 17 Sep 2025; state records put the ceremony on 11 Sep 2025
2025-09-11 · orig-007 · Valar Atomics, Ward 250, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab

Valar's Ward 250 page lists 'Ward 250 Groundbreaking' on 09.17.2025, and its Castle Country page lists a local news item from September 2025 about breaking ground at the Utah San Rafael Energy Lab. DOE's June 18, 2026 release quotes Taylor saying the site was empty nine months before criticality, consistent with a September 2025 start. State records settle the ceremony date: the Office of Energy Development's slide update to the Legislature's interim committee (15 October 2025) says Valar 'held groundbreaking' on September 11, 2025, Emery County's 2 September 2025 minutes say ground would be broken 'on September 11', and the county economic board's minutes schedule it for that Thursday (gov-021). 17 September 2025 is the day the joint state-Valar release was published, which is the date Valar's page shows.

In plain termsConstruction at the Emery County lab began in September 2025, about nine months before the reactor first went critical in June 2026. State records put the groundbreaking ceremony on 11 September 2025; Valar's page shows 17 September, the day the announcement was published.
verified 2026-10-02: Second check, late September 2026: Ward 250 page date and DOE's quote of Taylor ('Nine months ago...') re-read; consistent. Further check, late September 2026: the event date had been taken from the company's page (17 Sept); state and county records read in late September 2026 (among them gov-021) put the ceremony on 11 Sept 2025, so the date field and headline now carry the recorded event date, with Valar's date kept as its claim.
recordconfirmed Emery County's commission itself voted Valar's building permit, as the building department had not issued one
2025-09-02 · gov-021 · Emery County Commission, Valar Atomics, State of Utah Division of Facilities Construction and Management, Utah Office of Energy Development · proposed price for Emery County's sale of the San Rafael Energy Research Center to the State of Utah (Nov 2024): $2,111,444

The Emery County Commission's minutes of 2 September 2025, item 16: 'Valor Atomics is getting ready to break ground' at the San Rafael Energy Research Center 'on September 11' and hopes to start 'next year on July 4th'; 'The Building department has not issued a building permit, so this is the process to move forward.' The commission voted 3-0 to approve a building permit for Valar 'so they can move forward with their project'. No building-code review, plans or conditions are recorded in the minutes. The same meeting voted to support Green River as a potential site for the state energy office's nuclear power generation project after the governor's agreement with TerraPower. The county's Economic Opportunity Board minutes of 9 September 2025 note the Valar groundbreaking 'scheduled for Thursday at 9:30 a.m.', i.e. 11 September. Earlier county-state steps: on 19 November 2024 the commission approved selling the San Rafael Energy Research Center to the State of Utah (Division of Facilities Construction and Management) for $2,111,444, and on 4 February 2025 extended contract #231366 with OED to June 2025 so the county could keep being reimbursed for bills it paid on the state's behalf at the lab.

In plain termsFor Valar's facility at the lab, the elected commission voted to approve a building permit directly because the county's building department had not issued one, days before the groundbreaking. The minutes do not say what was reviewed. The county had approved selling the lab to the state for about $2.1 million the year before.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read the 2 Sept 2025 minutes, 9 Sept economic board minutes and 19 Nov 2024 minutes in late September 2026; quotes exact. Fixed: the 4 Feb 2025 contract point had no cited source; the minutes were found and read and are now cited.
recordconfirmed The state board that must approve lab projects approved 'the Valar Project' Aug 13, 2025, at a 35-minute first meeting
2025-08-13 · gov-013 · Utah Energy Research Board, Utah Office of Energy Development, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, Valar Atomics, Dennis Worwood, Jaron Wallace, Emy Lesofski, Natura Resources

Utah law (Title 79, Chapter 6, Part 10) creates the Utah Energy Research Board inside OED to oversee the San Rafael Energy Lab; the lab must receive and evaluate project proposals and recommend them, and the board 'shall review the project proposals' and make 'final decisions on approval' (79-6-1005); the lab may contract with users, with revenue going to the Utah Energy Research Fund (79-6-1004(2)(d)). The board's first meeting, noticed on the Utah Public Notice Website, was held 13 August 2025 at the State Capitol, 10:00 to 10:35 a.m. Per its approved minutes, members took the oath, appointed Jaron Wallace lab director, and then heard 'Project Valar', 'a 250-kilowatt microreactor test site' that 'recently received approval' from DOE; they discussed private funding, returning the site to a 'Greenfield' state and financial assurance for liability; Emery County Commissioner Dennis Worwood, a board member, 'noted strong public support' in Emery County; the motion to approve, made by member Larry Howell and seconded by Worwood, passed 7-0. Set beside the record: by then OED had signed its MOU (16 May), Valar had held its Emery town hall (8 July) and DOE had announced its selection a day earlier (12 August), a selection, not an authorization; DOE's OTA began 22 October 2025. The same meeting approved a Natura Resources molten-salt project at the lab. The minutes record that the meeting closed with a public comment period, in which attendees expressed appreciation for the board's formation.

In plain termsState law gives a specific board the final say on which projects go into the state energy lab. That board approved Valar's reactor project at its very first meeting, in Salt Lake City, in a meeting that lasted 35 minutes, after the state had already signed with Valar and announced the project. The meeting was legally noticed and ended with a public comment period, and its notice offered video-call and phone participation; it was held after the state had signed its non-binding MOU and DOE had announced its selection; under state law, this board makes the final decision on approving projects at the lab (79-6-1005). The minutes say the project 'recently received approval' from DOE; DOE had only selected it the day before.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read Utah Code 79-6 Part 10, the 13 Aug 2025 notice and minutes in late September 2026; quotes exact. Fixed: the 'DOE selected it a day earlier' point had no cited source; DOE's 12 Aug 2025 selection release was read and is now cited. Added that Worwood seconded the approval. Corrected 1 Oct 2026: wording made more exact against the cited records.
company claimconfirmed July 2025 Emery County town hall: Valar pitched a 12-month test, ~40 jobs, 'commercial development by 2028'
2025-07-08 · orig-045 · Valar Atomics, Emery County Commission, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, Jaron Wallace, Jeremy Pearson

ETV News (Julie Johansen, July 9, 2025) reported the Emery County Commission's July 8, 2025 town hall in Castle Dale, requested by Valar after an MOU was signed and before its contract with the state lab was final. As reported, Valar said the company was about two years old, had a non-fueled test reactor near Los Angeles, aimed for July 4, 2026 (the nation's 250th birthday, hence 'Ward 250') with commercial development by 2028, expected about 40 employees for roughly 12 months of testing with local contractors for construction, and chose Utah because Carbon and Emery counties are the state's energy hub. A Valar slide deck posted on the state-run Utah Public Notice Website (file created July 8, 2025, server date 9 July 2025; 11 of its 12 pages are marked 'CONFIDENTIAL. DO NOT DISTRIBUTE.', yet the file is publicly posted; the public body and notice it is attached to were not identified) says the same: under 250 kW, 30 effective full-power days over 12 months in a temporary facility, commercial deployment by 2028.

In plain termsAt a July 2025 town hall Valar told Emery County residents about a small 12-month test with about 40 jobs, and a goal of commercial reactors by 2028. By 2026 the company was planning far larger sites (mine-019).
verified 2026-10-02: Second check, late September 2026: ETV report and the slide PDF (created Jul 8, 2025; 'CONFIDENTIAL'; <250 kW, 30 EFPD, 12 months, temporary facility; commercial deployment by 2028) re-read. Match. Corrected 1 Oct 2026: wording made more exact against the cited records.
recordconfirmed June 2025 Emery hearing: lab director said Valar was 'looking at manufacturing in Emery or Carbon County'
2025-06-17 · gov-020 · Emery County Commission, Utah San Rafael Energy Lab, Jaron Wallace, Valar Atomics, NuCube

The earliest county meeting on Valar found in Emery County's posted minutes followed news reports: at the 3 June 2025 Emery County Commission meeting a commissioner referred to 'the article floating around and on social media' about reactors at the San Rafael Energy Research Center and said a public hearing had been set for 17 June (its notice was posted 29 May). The minutes of that 17 June 2025 hearing on 'Nuclear Industries in Emery County' record the state lab director, Jaron Wallace, saying Valar 'would like to build nuclear reactors at the Research Center' and was 'looking at manufacturing in Emery or Carbon County', that another company, NuCube, was also interested, and that permitting 'will take some time'; later he said 'Transparency is imperative. We are not trying to keep anything from anyone', that the meeting was 'the first of many', and that safety was 'the number one priority'. Residents spoke both ways: several supported nuclear power and jobs; others asked whether the county has any control over a state-owned site, worried about being 'by-passed by the State', security, waste staying in the county, and cancer in families exposed in the past; one said she had not heard enough to be convinced. Set beside the record: the OED-Valar MOU signed a month earlier said the agreement and related information were confidential and barred publicity without both parties' consent (gov-011), terms that yield to Utah's records law and that the energy office also uses with other nuclear developers; DOE's pathway gave the county no approval role over the reactor (safe-001). This is also the earliest public record found that ties Valar to Carbon County, fourteen months before the Trust Lands agenda of August 2026 (csite-018, ppl-027); it names the county, not a site.

In plain termsEmery County's commissioners held a public hearing on nuclear in June 2025 after residents saw news stories. There, the state's lab director said Valar wanted to build reactors at the lab and was looking at manufacturing in Emery or Carbon County. So Carbon County was mentioned in public over a year before Valar's name appeared on a Trust Lands agenda for the Wellington lease (August 2026), but only in passing, at an Emery County meeting, with no site named. Residents asked who actually controls a state-owned nuclear site; on the record, the reactor's authorization rests with the federal Energy Department, a state board approves projects at the state lab (gov-013), and the county commission later approved Valar's building permit (gov-021).
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read the 17 June 2025 hearing minutes, the 3 June minutes and the notice in late September 2026; all quotes exact; residents described, not named. Fixed: the hearing had already been noticed (29 May) when the 3 June meeting mentioned it; plain wording made neutral.
recordconfirmed Carbon County backed nuclear power in a public 2023 vote; no county agenda or minutes found name Valar's Wellington site
2023-12-20 · csite-026 · Carbon County Commission, Larry Jensen, Tony Martines, PacifiCorp

On 20 December 2023 the Carbon County Commission, on a posted agenda item, adopted Resolution 2023-06 'Supporting the energy industry, more specifically nuclear power'. Per the minutes, Commissioner Jensen said it was meant to tell PacifiCorp/Rocky Mountain Power the community favored nuclear plants and that 'we need to begin to educate the public about nuclear power'; it mirrored an Emery County resolution. The commission's minutes for January 2024 to April 2026 (50 sets; the examples below were read again for this check) mention nuclear only in brief remarks: a 3 January 2024 recap of that resolution; Commissioner Martines phoning in on 16 October 2024 while returning from Idaho National Laboratory 'in conjunction with' the San Rafael Energy Research Center; and, on 18 February 2026, Commissioners Martines' and Jensen's report on the Ward 250 reactor's delivery to the Orangeville test site, which Martines called the first of three prototypes. The one Trust Lands item, on 5 November 2025, renewed a county road easement on trust land along Ridge Road and Miller Creek, not the Wellington parcel. The commission's posted agendas from 6 December 2023 to 16 September 2026 (73 notices) name Valar once: a 'Valor Atomics presentation' on 19 August 2026. Its minutes record an update on the Emery lab, plans for a town hall in Price and a reactor open house within 30 to 45 days, and commissioners highlighting 'the tax benefits the plant will bring'; they do not name the Wellington site or the lease the state board heard the next day (mine-013). The 2026 minutes also record commissioners celebrating Valar's criticality (1 July) and Valar announcing a Carbon County town hall for late September or early October (2 September); none names the parcel or the letter. No commission agenda or minutes read for December 2023 to September 2026 name the Wellington parcel or the 29 June 2026 support letter, and none read shows a Valar zoning change, development agreement, road-use agreement, tax abatement or other county approval for the site.

In plain termsCarbon County's leaders told the public openly, in 2023, that they wanted nuclear power in the area, and voted on it in a public meeting. Valar gave a presentation at a county meeting in August 2026. In almost three years of county meeting records, none found shows the specific plan: the square mile north of Wellington, or the letter the commissioners signed backing it. The county may not have been legally required to vote on the letter (csite-016), but residents reading the commission's posted agendas and minutes would not have found the site there.
verified 2026-10-02: Holds, with the headline narrowed (the 19 Aug 2026 agenda does name Valar, though not the site). Re-checked in late September 2026: December 20, 2023, October 16, 2024 and November 5, 2025 minutes (quotes exact); all 47 commission notices on body 1148 from 4 Dec 2024 to 16 Sept 2026 searched by their agenda text (only 19 Aug 2026 names Valar/Valor). The full 50-set minutes check for January 2024 to April 2026 was not repeated in this check. Date set to the 2023 vote. Second check, late September 2026: all 73 commission notices on body 1148 from 6 Dec 2023 to 16 Sept 2026 searched by their agenda text (only 19 Aug 2026 names Valar/Valor); minutes re-read for 3 Jan 2024 and all 16 sets from 7 Jan to 2 Sept 2026 (Valar or nuclear appears on 18 Feb, 1 July, 19 Aug and 2 Sept; none names the parcel, Section 16 or the support letter). The 2024-2025 minutes rest on the first reading of all 50 sets, apart from the four sets re-read. Quotes are exact to the text read from the scans. Revised before publication (late September 2026): absence stated as 'no record found'. Revised before publication (2026-09-30): the minutes name Martines (Oct 2024 call-in) and Martines and Jensen (Feb 2026 report).
analysisconfirmed Emery's public process for the San Rafael reactor: a general nuclear hearing, a land-sale hearing and many meetings; no hearing within the reactor's federal safety review was found in public records
undated · loc-030 · Emery County Commission, Utah Energy Research Board, U.S. Department of Energy, Orangeville City, Valar Atomics

What Emery residents were offered, in order: a county 'Nuclear Industries' hearing on 17 June 2025, called after news reports, where the state lab director said transparency is imperative (gov-020); a town hall on 8 July 2025 that the county hosted at Valar's request (ETV; orig-045); a state board approval in Salt Lake City on 13 August 2025 at a 35-minute first meeting that closed with a public comment period (gov-013); a county commission vote on 2 September 2025 issuing the building permit itself (gov-021); DOE's categorical exclusion of 22 April 2026, posted online later with no public comment period (csite-020); a noticed hearing on 7 April 2026 on selling the lab-side parcel (gov-022); open houses (February and September 2026) and frequent appearances at town councils. Separately, state bodies listed the project, or a tour of it, on noticed agendas that also had public-comment periods: the Legislature's energy committee on 18 June 2025, whose minutes record public comment on the nuclear discussion (gov-040); the Utah Energy Council's 31 March 2026 agenda (gov-041); and the Energy Research Board's 12 August 2026 agenda, for a meeting at the lab with a members' tour of the lab and Valar listed afterwards (gov-042). What was not found in the records read: any public hearing or comment period within the federal safety review of the reactor, its emergency plan or fuel plant (safe-001, safe-016; the June 2025 county hearing, gov-020, was a general one, which the commission's 3 June 2025 minutes said would address safety issues); any county land-use (conditional use) review of the reactor, since the county had no nuclear standards; a state permit under the 2026 waste law; a completed third-party fire plan review (loc-018); or, as of late September 2026, a hearing on Orangeville's new zone for Valar's land (loc-013). The March 2026 utility minutes record a staff report that Valar tied into the county sewer system without prior authorization (loc-015). Under the federal pilot program, local governments have no approval role over the reactor itself; what they control is land, buildings, water, sewer and zoning, and those steps were taken quickly, some with little recorded review.

In plain termsEmery County residents got meetings, a hearing about selling land, open houses, many presentations, and public-comment periods at state meetings whose agendas included the project or a board tour of the lab and Valar (gov-040, gov-041, gov-042). No public hearing within the reactor's federal safety review was found in the records read; the federal program used here does not require one, and the county had no rules of its own for nuclear projects. Local officials approved the parts they control, like the building permit and the land sale, some of them quickly. In short: many meetings and presentations, and few formal review steps open to residents.
verified 2026-10-02: Re-read the cited notice, minutes and DOE exclusion: holds. The July 2025 town hall was hosted by the county at Valar's request (ETV), now said so; fire-minutes date corrected to 17 Feb. Revised before publication (2026-10-01): wording made more exact against the cited records.